1873 Atlas Map of Greene County, Illinois
Index
Index
includes County History, Table of Subscribers, Residence Illustrations, Maps,
Biographies, Business Notices, etc.
Business Notices
County History
The Territory of Illinois, at the close of the war of 1812, was very
sparsely settled, containing, in 1815, less population than that of Greene
county, in 1870. The land grants to the soldiers of the late war, the
fertility of the soil, and genial climate, were among the causes that
produced a rapidity of growth in wealth and population unequalled in the
settlement of the great North-West. More than one-half of the pioneer
settlers were from the southern states; Kentucky furnishing, perhaps, the
largest quota. Illinois was admitted into the Union as a state in April,
1818, and the capital at first located at Vandalia, Madison county, which
then included a large portion of the state. This county, before 1818, was on
the south-west frontier of settlement, and very few settlers were
permanently located within the present limits of Greene and Jersey counties.
Before that period the fragrant prairies were traversed mostly by Indians.
The first government survey had been made and completed in some portions of
the territory now embraced in Greene county, but savages, in some locations,
destroyed the land marks of this original survey, and made occasional raids
on the pioneers of the territory covered by the present limits of Madison
county. These demanded the protection of the "HomeGuards," or rangers,
organized in those early times. Among the early settlers of the territory
now embraced in Greene county, the following may be mentioned: David
Stockton and James Whiteside settled south of Macoupin creek, June 10th,
1817. The next year Samuel Thomas and others made permanent settlements in
the limits of Greene and Jersey counties, which increased, in about three
years, to that point of population and importance as to ask a divorce from
Madison county, which petition was granted, by act of Assembly, in 1821, and
the county seat was located at Carrolton, April 26th, of the same year.
The first tenement, or dwelling, north of Macoupin creek, was a log
building erected by Samuel Thomas, in the month of August, 1818, on the
site of his present residence.
Gen. Jacob Fry cut the timber of which the first house was built in
Carrollton. The first death of a permanent citizen occurred in the early
part of 1819, and Jacob Fry manufactured the coffin from a walnut tree,
split in puncheons, and planed, which formed the boards used in its
construction.
The first marriage occurred in the spring of 1820, that of William Stockton
to Miss Peggy McFadden.
Among the pioneer preachers of the county were the Rev. C. J. Gardiner,
Newton, and Joseph Piggott. The first school teacher was William Scott. The
first school house was a log building, erected in 1820, south of Macoupin
creek. Samuel Lee, Jr., was appointed and officiated as the first county
clerk, assessor, and collector. Thomas Carlin was the first sheriff of the
county. The first grand jury in the county was composed of John Finley,
Martin Wood, Thomas Gilleland, Nathaniel Wass, Cyrus Tollman, Isaac Pruitt,
James McFadgin, John Morland, Walter McFarland, Hugh Jackson, Jacob Fry,
Charles Gregory, Willis Webb, Christian Link, John Costley, William Webb,
William Costley, and Philip Fry. The first coroner was Jacob Waggoner. The
first court was held in a small frame building, near the public square. The
first justices of the peace in the county were appointed in 1822. They were
Samuel Lee and Alexander King. The first execution in the county was that of
Patrick Cavanaugh, in the spring of 1832. He was executed for the murder of
a little boy by the name of O'Laughlin. The present court house was built in
1832.
The geographical location and topography of Greene county are favorable
for a variety of productions, and afford many advantages to the inhabitants.
It is bounded north by Morgan county, and on the west by the Illinois river,
containing a great variety of soil, broad prairies, clay bluffs, and rich
alluvial bottom lands. It is one of the best counties for wheat and fruit,
and is settled by an intelligent and thrifty class of inhabitants. Its
absence of large cities is in a great measure compensated for by its
railroad facilities and its proximity to St. Louis.
Greene county was settled among the first in the state (in 1817) and its
development and growth have been steady and rapid. It possessed, at an early
day, superior advantages, on account of its location on the Illinois river,
which afforded the early settlers easy transportation for their products to
the markets of St. Louis, and a return of goods and merchandise, long before
the county was penetrated by railroads.
Now, however, it has three excellent lines of railroads running through
it: the Chicago & Alton (Jacksonville Branch), the Rockford, Rock Island, &
St. Louis, and the Louisiana branch of the Chicago & Alton. The first of
these intersects the county from north to south, nearly through the center,
and passing through its county seat and principal villages; the second named
road runs in a somewhat zig-zag course, nearly through the center of the
county, entering it in a south-westerly direction, and diverging at
Whitehall in a south-easterly direction, to the beautiful and enterprising
village of Greenfield, then running south to the county line, whence it
continues to St. Louis. The last named (Louisiana Branch), crosses the
western half of the county from Roodhouse, and with a proposed road soon to
be constructed, connecting Roodhouse and Virden, Macoupin county, will form
a continuous road across the northern part of the county.
The mineral products of this county are as varied as any in the central
section of the state, abounding in excellent clay for brick and pottery,
building stone, &c. At Whitehall there is a considerable manufactory of
tiles and pottery, and the wares made here are known extensively in the
state. Macoupin and Apple creeks furnish water power for milling purposes
and some of the best brands of flour in the west are furnished from these
mills. The county is also well adapted to stock raising, and the improved
stock on many of the ample and well cultivated farms will compare favorably
with that of any other section of the "Garden State."
The people of Greene county are not behind in intelligence, thrift, and
progress, in the modern appliances of civilized life. They have an eye to
education, religion, and morals. Good churches and school houses abound, and
the character of the people is usually high-toned. The descendants of many
of the sturdy old pioneers who first settled this section of the state, from
the best blood of Kentucky, Virginia, New York, Ohio, and New England, are
surrounded with the comforts and luxuries of life, and enjoying the
advantages of refined society. All this has been gained by half a century of
enterprise and progress which it is cheerful to contemplate.
Carrollton
Was laid off April 26, 1821, by Thomas Carlin. It is situated nearly in the
geographical center of the county; is the county seat of Greene county, and
is surrounded by one of the finest and wealthiest farming countries in the
state. The Jacksonville branch of the Chicago, Alton, & St. Louis Railroad
runs through it. It has the trade of most of the country accessible; has
several good business blocks, public buildings and private residences, and
its citizens are generally moral and prosperous.
Whitehall
Was laid off March 8th, 1832, by David Barrow. It is situated on a fine,
rich, fertile prairie. It is at the intersection of the Jacksonville branch
of the Chicago, Alton, & St. Louis, and Rockford, Rock Island, & St. Louis
Railroads. It does a large shipping business, and enjoys an extensive trade
from the surrounding country.
Athens
Was laid off October 2, 1834, by Green Weaver. It is a small place, doing
only a local trade.
Greenfield
Was laid off November 29th, 1834, by G. W. Allen. It is delightfully
situated in the midst of one of the finest farming regions of the state. It
is on the Rockford, Rock Island, & St. Louis Railroad, has a number of fine
public and private buildings, and does a large and profitable business.
Fayette
Was laid off July 9th, 1835, by Bostwick, Metcalf, and Blair. It is
surrounded by a fine farming country, and does a good local trade.
Columbiana
Is situated on the Illinois river, and was once a prominent shipping point.
It was laid off September 24th, 1835, by Solomon Bushnell.
Woodville
Is a small village situated in the south-western part of the county. It was
laid off October 10th, 1835, by Amon Wood and others.
Wilmington
Is situated in the north-western part of the county. It was laid off May
18th, 1836, by Henderson and Higbee.
Walkersville
Was laid off July 14th, 1836, by John Walker. It is a small town in the
western part of the county, doing a local trade only.
Homer
Is situated in the southern part of the county, one mile west of Kane. It
was laid off by Perry Hains and Merrick.
Berdan
Is situated on the Chicago, Alton, & St. Louis Railroad, and does
considerable local trade. It was laid off September 1, 1865, by Kellogg,
Olmstead, and Worcester.
Kane
Is on the Chicago, Alton, and St. Louis Railroad, and in the southern part
of the county. It is surrounded by a rich and prosperous farming community.
It does a large and lucrative trade. Kane was laid off November 2, 1865, by
Tobias Holliday.
Roodhouse
Was laid off April 20, 1866, by John Roodhouse. It is situated at the
intersection of the Kansas branch of the Chicago, Alton, and St. Louis
Railroad with the Jacksonville branch of the same. It is located in a fine
agricultural region, is growing rapidly, and promises to be one of the best
towns in this part of the state. It has a number of good stores, shops, &c.,
and does a large trade.
New Providence
Is a small place, located nearly in the center of the county. It was laid
off May 5th, 1867, by F. M. Bell, John Bell, and Jesse S. Allen.
Jalapa
Is situated on Macoupin creek. It was laid off August 13, 1867, by Fred
Sunkel & Bro.
Barrow
Was laid off February 1, 1871, by A. W. Barrow. It is situated in the north
part of the county, on the Rockford, Rock Island and St. Louis Railroad.
Sheffield
Is situated on the Rockford, Rock Island, & St. Louis Railroad; is on a
beautiful prairie, and does a considerable trade. It was laid off July 18,
1871, by L. F. Williams.
Hanks Station
Is in the north-west part of the county, on the Kansas branch of the
Chicago, Alton, & St. Louis Railroad. It was laid out September 8, 1871, by
Thomas Hanks.
Wrightsville
Was laid off June 18, 1872, by A. J. Wright. It is a station on the
Rockford, Rock Island, & St. Louis Railroad.